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Below are some of the more common terms used by Arabic translation agencies:
Adaptation
An adaptation differs from a Arabic translation in that it seeks to capture the essence, meaning and message of an original text without being literal. The result is not a literal Arabic translation but nevertheless conveys the original meaning.
Background information
Sometimes a Arabic translator will need some background information on a text to allow them to provide an accurate Arabic translation. This information will provide extra facts about the subject matter, the context, the audience and the terminology.
Calculation of text volume
All Arabic translation agencies need to calculate the text volume or "word count". This helps with pricing, determining turnaround times and the number of Arabic translators needed to complete the Arabic translation.
Not all companies or countries use the same method of calculation. In the
Certified Arabic translation
A certified Arabic translation is where a Arabic translation agency or freelance Arabic translator carry out a piece of Arabic translation work then certify to the fact that they carried out the work in the form of an accompanying certificate or signature. Certified Arabic translations are usually necessary for official documents.
CJKV
A term sometimes used to class Chinese, Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese.
CAT - Computer assisted Arabic translation
Not all Arabic translations are carried out by human Arabic translators. Due to advances in technology computer software can now carry out or assist with Arabic translations. CAT indicates the use of such software with the Arabic translator. These tools are commonly used to manage both the specific terminology linked to the field in question plus the Arabic translation memories.
Copywriting
Copywriting refers to the writing of text that will be used on brochures, websites, publicity copy and the like. Such copy does not always translate well as it is usually written for a specific country. It is always best to have copy for foreign countries written by experts from the country.
Deadlines
Deadlines: always too short for the Arabic translator/Arabic translation agency and always too long for the client. Deadlines simply refer to the point in time a Arabic translation becomes due to hand over to the client. Most Arabic translators prefer to translate around 1500 words per day. This allows them good time for research and checking.
Clients should always be aware of what is realistic. Coming to a Arabic translation agency with 70,000 words for completion in 24 hours is simply impossible. One should always think ahead if the Arabic translation of a text is necessary.
DTP - Desktop publishing
DTP or multilingual DTP is offered by some Arabic translation agencies. This is where a DTP expert can use foreign fonts for things such as typesetting, creation of image files, brochures, company reports, etc. In short, multilingual DTP is using foreign languages for artwork.
Free Arabic translation
The term "free Arabic translation" is the most typed in search term for search engines such as Google. A free Arabic translation is carried out by software that applies a literal Arabic translation of any text typed into it. Most of the time it produces gobbledygook but can on occasions provide the gist of a sentence of two.
Freelance Arabic translator
Most Arabic translation agencies use freelance Arabic translators. A freelancer acts as an independent entity and is not considered an employee. However, many Arabic translation agencies build good relationships with their freelance staff to the point where the solely work for that agency.
Gist
On occasions due to time constraints clients may ask for a gist Arabic translation. This is where the Arabic translator will provide a rough outline of the meaning and contents of a text so that the most salient points can be understood. A gist Arabic translation can be less expensive and less time-consuming.
Glossary
A glossary is a specialised, single-language dictionary used by Arabic translators working on difficult text with specific terminology. It includes a term and its definition in the target language. For very specialised texts clients are sometimes asked to provide a glossary to ensure the Arabic translation meets their needs.
Hard copy
Hard copy refers to the source format of a document that needs Arabic translation. Hard copies are usually on paper such as faxes, letters and brochures. Hard copies are more difficult to work with for both Arabic translation agencies and Arabic translators. The agency can not calculate the source word count and the Arabic translator can not write over the source text.
Human Arabic translators
Human Arabic translators are, well, humans! This term is used to differentiate between a real person carrying out a Arabic translation and a computer.
Legal Arabic translation
Legal Arabic translations can be complex due to their importance as documents and the actual terminology used. For this reason legal Arabic translations, such as Italian legal Arabic translations, are charged at a premium as it involves using Arabic translators with specialised knowledge and possibly research.
Literal Arabic translation
A literal Arabic translation simply provides a word for word Arabic translation of the original text. It ignores things such as humour, sayings, puns, etc and as a result comes across stiff and unnatural. A literal Arabic translation is avoided at all costs.
Mother-tongue
A Arabic translator should only ever translate in their mother-tongue, i.e. their native language. This will be the language they grew up speaking and know "naturally". It is of course possible to have Arabic translators with more than one mother-tongue due to parents from different countries or growing up in a foreign country.
Proofreading
Proofreading refers to the revision, checking and editing of a translated text. After a Arabic translation is complete usually a second Arabic translator will read through the document and compare it against the original. In addition to checking the quality of the Arabic translation they also check for spelling, grammar and syntax.
Source word count
In Arabic translation a Arabic translation agency will usually charge per source word. Therefore prior to quoting a source word count is taken. When a source word count is impossible, i.e. on hard copies, the target word count is usually used instead.
Target word count
As opposed to "source word count" (see above) the term "target word count" is the number of words in a translated document. For example, if a client needs a Danish document translated into English and a source word count was not possible, they will be charged according to the number of English words in the final product.
Technical Arabic translation
A technical Arabic translation refers to the need for specialist Arabic translators due to the use of uncommon vocabulary in a text. Topics such as medicine, finance, law, engineering, software, manuals, etc would all be considered as technical.
Arabic translation agency
A Arabic translation agency provides Arabic translation services. They will oversee Arabic translation projects for clients ensuring they are carried out and delivered on time. Some Arabic translation agencies may also provide interpreters, multilingual DTP and other language related services such as multilingual website design.
Arabic translator
A Arabic translator converts the written text of one language into another. They only deal with written media. Vocal Arabic translations are carried out by interpreters.
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Economics * Education / Pedagogy * Electronics / Electric Engineering * Energy / Power Generation * Engineering (general) * Engineering: Industrial * Engineering: Mechanical = Mechanics * Engineering: Nuclear = Nuclear * Environment & Ecology * Esoteric practices * Fisheries * Folklore * Food & Dairy * Forestry / Wood / Timber * Furniture / Household Appliances * Games / Video Games / Gaming / Casino * Gems, Precious Stones, Metals = Mining * Genealogy * General / Conversation / Greetings / Letters * Genetics * Geography * Geology * Government / Politics * Graphic Arts = Photo/Imaging * Health Care = Medicine : Health Care * History * Hotels = Tourism *
Human Resources * Idioms / Maxims / Sayings * Insurance * International Org/Dev/Coop * Internet, e-Commerce * Investment / Securities * Iron & Steel = Metallurgy * IT (Information Technology) * Journalism * Land = Real Estate *
Law (general) * Law: Patents, Trademarks, Copyright * Law: Taxation & Customs *
Linguistics * Logistics = Transport * Management * Manufacturing * Maritime = Ships *
Marketing / Market Research * Mathematics & Statistics * Medical (general) * Medical: Cardiology * Medical: Dentistry * Medical: Instruments * Medical: Pharmaceuticals *
Metrology * Military / Defense * Music * Names (personal, company) * Nutrition * Oil & Gas = Petroleum * Paper / Paper Manufacturing * Patents * Philosophy * Physics * Poetry & Literature * Printing & Publishing * Psychology * Religion * Retail * SAP * Science (general) * Slang * Social Science, Sociology, Ethics, etc. * Sports / Fitness / Recreation * Surveying * Zoology
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